Greetings All, 

At least once during a clinician's career, we will likely hear the sentiment that "there's no such thing as nipple confusion."  In their 2015 paper (Journal of Perinatology 2015 November;35:895-899 | doi:10.1038/jp.2015.83), Zimmerman & Thompson discussed nipple confusion versus  nipple preference, stating, "The primary difficulty in conclusively studying nipple confusion is establishing causality, namely determining whether bottles’/pacifiers’ nipples are causing infants to refuse the breast or whether they are simply markers of other maternal/infant characteristics. Future research should focus on prospectively examining the causality of nipple confusion." Lactation consultants also discuss observable infant displays of suck confusion, suck preference, flow confusion, and flow preference.  

For decades, kinesiologists have been observing skill acquisition and skill decay utilizing these real-time parameters, measuring in milliseconds (ms):   

Reaction time (RT): The interval between the presentation of a stimulus and the initiation of a response.

Movement time (MT): The interval between the initiation of a movement and its termination. 

Response time: The interval from the presentation of a stimulus to the completion of a movement; the sum of reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT).

With best regards,

Debra Swank, RN BSN IBCLC
Ocala, Florida USA
More Than Reflexes Education
http://www.MoreThanReflexes.org

             ***********************************************

Archives: http://community.lsoft.com/archives/LACTNET.html
To reach list owners: [log in to unmask]
Mail all list management commands to: [log in to unmask]
COMMANDS:
1. To temporarily stop your subscription write in the body of an email: set lactnet nomail
2. To start it again: set lactnet mail
3. To unsubscribe: unsubscribe lactnet
4. To get a comprehensive list of rules and directions: get lactnet welcome