"Results of Microbial Testing Exploring the etiology of deep breast pain during lactation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of non-randomized trials."  C. M. Betzold. J Midwifery & Women's Health 57(4), 353-364. August 2012.
In lactating women reporting deep breast pain, evidence with infection is persistently found, and explanations exist for the disorder's atypical characteristics.  Although lactating women with deep breast pain are more likely to test positive for Candida, the risk of testing positive for S aureus is also present.  Thus these women should have a culture done. Management options include treating immediately while awaiting results while awaiting results or waiting until results are available to guide treatment.  With either approach, providers must consider the risk of fsely negative tests.
 
BF Med has a 2007 article and JHL has another 2006, both by A. Eglash
 
"A case control study of bacterial species and colony count in milk of breastfeeding women with chronic pain."  A. Witt et al. BF Medicine 9 (1) 29-34. 2014.  Higher S. aureus growth in cases supports a pathogenic role for S, aureus and reinforces the need for antibiotic treatment studies in breastfeeding women with chronic pain.  In contrast, similar CNS (staphyloccus)  frequency between groups, lower CNS colony counts in cases and a negative correlation between S, aureus and CNS suggest that neither CNS, nor its overgrowth, causes chronic breast pain.
 

             ***********************************************

Archives: http://community.lsoft.com/archives/LACTNET.html
To reach list owners: [log in to unmask]
Mail all list management commands to: [log in to unmask]
COMMANDS:
1. To temporarily stop your subscription write in the body of an email: set lactnet nomail
2. To start it again: set lactnet mail
3. To unsubscribe: unsubscribe lactnet
4. To get a comprehensive list of rules and directions: get lactnet welcome