Once pollen passed through the  
 proventriculus they become subject to enzymes and osmosis. Then pollen membrane breaks down and nutrients released. Pollen walls/ membranes parts stay intact because bees don't digest cellulose unlike cows. Bees pass them in fecal materials. Nutrients are digested by enzymes and passed through the gut membrane to the hemolymph to be further digested and  utilized in various parts of the body mainly the fat body.  For bee bread, it  is mixed  by young bees to feed older larvae NOT in the mid bee gut but in the mouth parts region mainly the mandibles (Check Randy' comments). The hive and honey bee has good chapters on bee anatomy, nutrition and biology.

Medhat

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