> If not pesticides - what? ... The reply is obvious - lost habitat, replaced with pavement, ag fields and lawn.

* I don't think these things are "obvious," but you may be right nonetheless

> Attribute Importance Analysis (AIA), uses the ability of species attributes to explain population declines. Through the a priori association between attributes and individual drivers, the relative importance of the drivers in causing the species decline can be assessed. We tested this approach on the population decline of vertebrate, insect, vascular plant, and fungi species in the Netherlands since the 1950s.

> Fragmentation was clearly the strongest driver of species decline for vertebrates and plants, and this may also be true for insects. For fungi, climate change seems the only driver.

Musters, C. J. M., & van Bodegom, P. M. (2018). Analysis of species attributes to determine dominant environmental drivers, illustrated by species decline in the Netherlands since the 1950s. Biological Conservation, 219, 68-77.

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