> The beekeeper survey data confirmed that a substantial share of beekeepers (44.2 %) have already changed their beekeeping practices. This is particularly the case for beekeepers in specific regions, notably Southern (76.1 %) and Eastern Europe (59.6 %). The proportion of Southern beekeepers that indicated they had already changed their beekeeping practices is in line with results from studies in Chile (Gajardo-Rojas et al., 2022) and Mexico (Gallardo-López et al., 2021), which reported that 80.5 % and 80.7 % of beekeepers had been forced to adapt their practices due to climate change, respectively.

> “There will be so much more work for beekeepers, and it is not cheap for the beekeepers to be completely aware of their bees' [wellbeing]. They must also give them some additional feed, not just for the winter, but even for surviving in the late summer. And this is just one of the things that are changing when we look at the global climate crisis.” [Representative of a beekeeping association, 42 years old, Slovenia]

> In-depth interviews with stakeholders from diverse parts of the apicultural sector uncovered four general observations: 1) climate change has/will have various, interlinked impacts on beekeeping; 2) these impacts are predominantly negative but not exclusively, hence some beekeepers may ‘win’, some may ‘lose’; 3) honey bees as a species are deemed to be resilient and therefore believed to be able to cope with the challenges imposed by climate change, at least if properly managed; 4) climate change is perceived as a main challenge for beekeepers who will need to demonstrate a certain degree of flexibility, adaptability and resilience alike.

— Van Espen, Marie, et al. "Beekeeping in Europe facing climate change: A mixed methods study on perceived impacts and the need to adapt according to stakeholders and beekeepers." Science of The Total Environment (2023): 164255.

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