Allen writes:

> That is why we have nuc boxes of varying size, from tiny to 6-frame; of differing construction materials, from cardboard to EPS; and with entrance and vent holes from single-bee holes to screens; and larger boxes for honey production.

The fact that a multitude of different hives has been constructed tells little about what bees need, if the builders don't understand bees. 

But leaving aside theory, my neighbor Tom Seeley has kept bees in Upstate NY for 40 years. What does he do? He winters the colonies in ordinary two story hives, with adequate honey. No wrapping, no upper entrance, no fuss. Some make it, some don't. 

PLB

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