well, i don't know about s america.  i do know a woman from cuba who said she was suprised at how large honeybees were here in the states.

it's also interesting that castro accused the us of 'biological attack' when varroa first showed up there in 96, and that now they have set up breeding labs, and have 50% of colonies survive varroa.  they have no chemicals, and i'm not sure what size foundaion (if any) is used....could be small cell, could be that they reuse comb much longer because of no chemicals in any of the agriculture (and economic need), that the cell size gets small from successive generations/cocoons.

deknow

-- Brian Fredericksen <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
I assume AHB in South America managed by beekeepers are mostly on LC? yes/no? 

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