What I find of great interest is the transgenerational immune priming via the jelly. Could other similar "priming" be taking place...? Here is a really fascinating interview with Dr. Michael D. Simone-Finstrom of the USDA-ARS on the subject of transgenerational immune priming- the idea that queens and drones (indirectly) can confer viral resistance or tolerance on to their offspring: https://anchor.fm/ufhbrel/episodes/Episode-118-How-Honey-Bees-Respond-to-Viruses-e1ord5s And the accompanying study: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/358485991_Context-Dependent_Viral_Transgenerational_Immune_Priming_in_Honey_Bees_Hymenoptera_Apidae *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html