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Date: | Sat, 21 Oct 2023 12:51:42 -0500 |
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>This ties in with the idea that hbs can tolerate high mite levels if DWV is absent:
At least in the case of BeeWeaver's stock, it is tolerating high mite levels in spite of DWV being present:
'The salient gene expression patterns that we observed in field and laboratory, under a variety of experimental conditions, demonstrate important differences between the two phenotypes in their response to Varroa destructor parasitism and Deformed wing virus infection. Equally important, our results allow differentiation of honey bee gene expression signals associated with viral infection in the presence and absence of mite parasites. These results have bearing on programs to understand host-parasite coevolution in a social insect and might be applied toward more sustainable strategies for reducing the impacts of parasitic mites on bees. They add support to predictions that bees surviving despite being subjected to unmanaged levels of Varroa mites do so because of their abilities to resist associated viruses.'
'The disparate patterns of elevated gene expression between R and S bees naturally infected with DWV and infested by Varroa mites, compared to differential expression of genes in R and S bees infected in the laboratory with DWV, potentially provide clues to the mechanisms of resistance to virus and tolerance of mites. The totality of the evidence suggests that R bees devote significant energy to buffering against cellular and metabolic stress that emanate from concomitant virus and parasite insults, and exhibit differential gene expression patterns that provide metabolic, oxidative and developmental stress protections - not simply elevated immune gene expression profiles. While elevated immune system gene expression may be necessary for successfully resisting viral infections, increased expression of immune genes alone may be insufficient to provide protection, especially in bees with both DWV infection and Varroa destructor infestation.'
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