> The defining trait of this event, soon named colony collapse disorder (CCD, vanEngelsdorp et al. 2009), was the rapid loss of female workers in honey bee colonies, from tens of thousands of individuals to several hundred or fewer over a time period from one to several weeks. As in past events, initial labels for CCD included vague phenomenological themes such as “disappearing disease” and “fall dwindle.” The name CCD was coined to emphasize the rapidity of the decline, to make clear that disease symptoms were not present. In terms of veterinary science, CCD greatly expanded the list of biotic causes for bee declines. Even during the time of peak awareness for CCD, this was not a frequent event. 

Jay D. Evans and Yanping (Judy) Chen, (2021) Colony Collapse Disorder and Honey Bee Health

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