> So I'm not sure that in these situations these are bees that 'need' to die.
I have seen many hives with piles of dead bees on the bottom board. I am happier if they fly out and die in the woods. The worker bees constitute what is called "disposable soma." Like our skin. It isn't expected to last a long time, because it's continually being replaced.
PLB
da Silva, J. (2019). Plastic senescence in the honey bee and the disposable soma theory. The American Naturalist, 194(3), 367-380.
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