Hi all
As was mentioned, I have dredged these data up before, but here:

SUPERSEDURE OF QUEENS IN PACKAGE BEES
ERDMAN BRAUN
Dominion Experimental Farm, Brandon, Man.
[Received for publication October 23, 1942]

INTRODUCTION
The extensive increase in the importation of package bees into Canada during the 1930's accentuated the importance of the supersedure of queens problem. The losses of queens through supersedure in commercial or side- line apiaries ranges from 20 to 100% per annum. The cost of replacement queens, the retardation of colony build-up prior to the main honeyflow, the reduced yields and consequent lowered financial returns affected sufficient beekeepers to warrant a detailed study of the problem from the receivers' end.

PLB

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