I don't like the choices. Unprecedented megadrought landscape, *versus* incessant rain landscape,* versus* climate change driven early spring, followed by a freeze (e.g., France this year). https://fortune.com/2021/09/11/fires-frost-floods-europe-wine-2021-harvest-climate-change/ ...a freak heat wave in March scalded vines. Deep frost in April froze plants in the Loire, Provence, and Rhône regions, prompting growers to light “crop candles” <https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/bitter-harvest-for-french-winemakers-hit-by-worst-weather-in-40-years-6c9025hjq>—large canisters filled with burning paraffin—between the vines in an attempt to keep them warm. Then came torrents of rain in June and July, spawning an outbreak of mildew in Burgundy and Champagne, and in August, wildfires burnt vineyards to a crisp <https://apnews.com/article/business-fires-environment-and-nature-wildfires-488f1a7c0e2d9858bf6db187e7707487> in the South of France. “Is this the new normal—these so-called false springs following mild winters, where vines are tricked into early growth, like an army lured into a trap and then ambushed?” Tim Atkin, a prominent British wine writer, asked in April. *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html