> Over the past decade, concern about the negative effects of various in-hive treatments for Varroa has led to an increase in beekeepers practicing treatment-free beekeeping. This approach can be highly problematic for the wider beekeeping community, as Varroa infestation has been widely associated with colony death, and the spread of infection between neighbouring colonies through robbing and drifting, or even to non-Apis pollinators .*
Donkersley, P., Elsner-Adams, E., & Maderson, S. (2020). A One-Health Model for Reversing Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Decline. Veterinary Sciences, 7(3), 119.
* see: Fürst, M.A.; McMahon, D.P.; Osborne, J.L.; Paxton, R.J.; Brown, M.J.F. Disease associations between honeybees and bumblebees as a threat to wild pollinators. Nature 2014. [CrossRef]
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