Roughly speaking, v. mites also have been in England for about 30 years now, a long enough time for the bees to do something about them. There appears to be a growing number of beeks in England trying to use ferals and other methods to tackle v. mites issues. Here are two such "serious as kidney failure" examples: https://www.beelistener.co.uk/beekeeping/developing-varroa-resistant-bees-steve-rileys-guest-blog/ https://oxnatbees.wordpress.com/2020/08/05/winter-survival-surveys-show-treatment-free-works/ Yoon Because all beekeeping is local, all beekeepers are loco. *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html