After MT St Helen's dusted the NW with ash, I did a study for the USDA Forest Service, dusting spruce budworm larvae in one set of trials using the Atkin Dusting Tower method with some upgrades, and another where we fed an agar-based diet laced with a graded series of ash content. Short story, dust killed the larvae. At 50% ash in diet, the budworm survived, but the emergent adults from the pupae were severely dwarfed.
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