> >In your experience, when this occurs, what happens to the queen?


Excellent question!  Perhaps the last bees do abscond with the queen,
resulting in the small swarms that I do observe in the fall.  I will keep
that in mind, and try to collect some for mite washes to see if they are
loaded with mites.  Thanks!


-- 
Randy Oliver
Grass Valley, CA
www.ScientificBeekeeping.com

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