Karl Popper famously argued that hypotheses cannot be confirmed, only falsified. Focusing on problem situations also exhibits a natural resonance with biological practice, as Popper was aware:
> We are not students of some subject matter but students of problems. Try to learn what people are discussing nowadays in science. Find out where the difficulties arise, and take an interest in disagreements. These are the questions that you should take up. In other words, you should study the problem situation of the day.
Popper, Karl. 2002 [1963]. Conjectures and refutations: The growth of scientific knowledge
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