I think there is some confusion occurring here, in cold weather bees are
unable to fly out, and might defecate inside the hive especially if the
stores were not properly ripened,  'dysentery'.

However those bees do not necessarily have nosema.

Ruary


Bill Truesdell said
Quote In  Maine there is a definite visible link because the bees could not
fly out and
defecate. Unquote

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