> New Research published by Dainat et. Al. (2012) show that DWV, Varroa and
> Nosema can be strong predictive markers for colony collapse. The
> predictive power depends strongly on the season.
I thought that we all knew that! In 2001 Dr Stephen Martin was telling us
that bees going into winter with DWV would live on average 88 days. So a
badly affected colony in October would die out in January. Seems that
nosema may not be necessary?
Best wishes
Peter
52.194546, -1.673618
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