>
> >I thought that was well established. N.c. is a 'summer' disease; Fumidil
> in autumn is ineffective. That is what I have been fed - but is it true?
>
The data that I've seen indicate that N ceranae infections roughly follow
the timing of N apis--fall and spring. Spiking in May.
>
> >We were told that N.c. wiped out 50,000 colonies in Spain during the
> winter of 2005-06 (?) - but is it true?
Other Spanish researchers dispute that N ceranae was the cause.
> > We have also been told that N.c. + an insect iridescent virus is the
> cause of CCD - but this was rubbished by Prof Ingemar Fries at the recent
> BBKA Spring Convention.
>
I don't know how anyone could "rubbish" that research at this time without
more information than is currently available.
>
> >Can we believe anyone anymore?
You can generally "believe" data. The interpretation of that data is often
questionable and contentious.
Randy Oliver, always questioning
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