The paper mentioned, titled: "Morphometric differences in a single wing cell
can discriminate Apis mellifera racial types", by Tiago Maurício FRANCOY, et
al. describes a method of identifying honey bee races using the shape of a
single section of the bee wing. It does not depend on the size of the bee,
but on the proportion of the segments of this "cell". 

quoted highlights:

Generally speaking, Africanized bees are smaller than honey bees of European
origin.

Various traits are necessary to provide adequate discrimination among the
various types of honey bees, especially when the workers of the bee races
are similar in size. 

Most attempts to differentiate honey bee groups based on morphological data
have used multiple body characteristics, including (worker) body size, hair
length, wing length and width, pigmentation, and proboscis length; such
studies require time-consuming mounting and measuring of various body parts. 

We were able to discriminate the three honey bee racial types based on
information concerning a single wing cell (radial cell), using a digitalized
wing image, greatly facilitating and speeding analysis. 

This methodology is simple and it could be extended to finer 
discriminations between types of bees with the addition of further landmarks. 

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