To Peter, Pollinators, Beekeepers, and The List,
A partial copy of Peter's link is below. Please note that studies were
done in the United States and Sweden, the UK, France, Germany, and Canada,
also of importance is the simple fact the canola and rapeseed require the
honey bee as its primary pollinator, pollinators beware!
Regards,
Chuck
"Regulatory Note - REG2004-06
Page 29
6.1 Effects on terrestrial organisms
Clothianidin was determined to be highly toxic to the honey bee, Apis
mellifera, on an acute oral basis with a LD50 of 0.00368 µg/bee. The
transformation products TMG, MNG, and TZMU were determined to be of
relatively lower toxicity to the bee, with an acute oral LD50 of > 152
µg/bee, > 153 µg/bee, > 113 µg/bee, respectively. The transformation
product TZNG was determined to be of moderate toxicity to the bee, with a
LD50 of 3.95 µg/bee. Field or semi-field studies conducted in Sweden, the
United Kingdom, France and Germany as well as in Ontario (Canada) and
Minnesota (United States) indicated that there were no significant impacts
on honey bees compared with the controls. All of the field/semi-field
studies, however, were found to be deficient in design and conduct of the
studies and were, therefore, considered as supplemental information only.
Furthermore, the results of most of these studies indicated that residues
of clothianidin, when used as a canola (rapeseed) seed treatment
insecticide, were expressed in pollen and nectar of the crop plants (or
collected from foraging bees) in concentrations that may pose a risk to
honey bees and other pollinators. The effects on honey bee hives from
chronic/long-term exposure to clothianidin residues are unknown.
"Regulatory Note - REG2004-06
Page 31
Non-target terrestrial invertebrates
Clothianidin is very highly toxic to honey bees, with a 48-hour acute oral
LD50 of 0.00368 µg a.i./bee (= 3.68 ng a.i./bee). The transformation
products TMG, MNG, TZMU and TZNG, however, were of relatively lower
toxicity to the honey bees. Field or semifield studies conducted in
Sweden, the United Kingdom, France and Germany as well as in Ontario
(Canada) and Minnesota (United States) indicated that there were no
significant impacts on honey bees compared with the controls. All of the
field/semi-field studies, however, were found to be deficient in design
and conduct of the studies and were, therefore, considered as supplemental
information only. Moreover, the results of most of the studies indicated
that residues of clothianidin, when used as a canola (rapeseed) seed
treatment insecticide, were expressed in pollen and nectar of the crop
plants (or collected from foraging bees) in concentrations which exceed
the measured acute oral LD50 to the honey bee. The effects on honey bee
hives from chronic/long-term
exposure to clothianidin residues are unknown. It should also be noted
that clothianidin is very persistent in soil, with high carry-over of
residues to the next growing season. Clothianidin is also mobile in soil.
Given the foregoing, the risk that clothianidin seed treatment may pose to
honey bees and other pollinators cannot be fully assessed, owing to the
lack of sufficient information and data. Clothianidin may pose a risk to
honey bees and other pollinators, if exposure occurs via pollen and nectar
of crop plants grown from treated seeds. "
"9.0 Regulatory decision
9.1 Regulatory decision
Technical grade clothianidin and the associated end-use product, Poncho
600 Seed
Treatment Insecticide, for seed treatment to control flea beetle on
canola/rapeseed and to
control corn rootworm, corn flea beetle, black cutworm, seed corn maggot,
wireworm and
white grub on corn have been granted temporary registration under Section
17 of the Pest
Control Products Regulations, subject to submission of the following data:
• Batch data
• Storage stability data (product chemistry)
• Genotoxicity studies
• Developmental immunotoxicity studies
• Passive dosimetry or biological monitoring study
• Field crop rotation study
• Analytical methodology for sediment
• Long-term hydrolysis study
• Leaching study
• Acute oral toxicity to bumble bees and leaf-cutter bees
• Chronic toxicity to hives of honey bees under field conditions
• Acute oral toxicity to the red-winged blackbird, house sparrow and
mallard duck
• Toxicity to wild birds under field use conditions."
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