Posts with *too many quotes* or which otherwise do not meet the guidelines (see
http://www.internode.net/honeybee/BEE-L/) are normally just deleted by the
moderators.
However, if a moderator has time, we sometimes salvage what we can. Tonight I
have a few minutes and was cleaning out the 'wastepaper basket'. Here are some
of the better rejected posts -- edited to meet the guidelines:
---
From: "Denis" <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: Re: New study on cell size
Date: Mon, 11 Mar 2002 16:24:24 -0700
>> Many reports have come out of South and Central America that varroa is
not a significant problem with the Africanized bees there. Several theories
have been promoted.<<
They are experiencing quite a problen with varroa in Nicaragua from what I
hear from a friend of mine that runs 300 hives there
---
Date: Wed, 13 Mar 2002 07:39:03 -0500
From: janet montgomrey <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: Alternating medications arithemetic
There are at least two theories on the alternating vs running one treatment out
One is alternating which is supposed to prolong the use of both treatments.
The down side of this is you may select for resistance to both at the same time
and wake up to a surprise that both treatments no longer work. Cross resistance
may also be obtained quicker.
The other is running one treatment until it fails and then switching to
another-- at least you know where you stand.
I would not offer a theory on whether the end points would be the same.
If we were considering a fixed population like mites in apple trees I would
tend to run a treatment out, however in a mobile population like other insects
and mites on bees that theory will probably result in apiary #1 having
resistance to one chemical and apiary #2 having resistance to another
chemical.. The drifting or swarm bees will then result in both apiaries having
full resistance to both chemicals when neither apiary received both chemicals
You notice that I say treatments, rather than chemicals, as anything you do to
the whole hive that biologically selects I consider a treatment including
screened bottom boards, cell size, essential oils etc. all will be selected
against biologically.
The trick is to prolong all the treatments as long as possible with out
selecting to STABLE resistance, which is when ALL the pests have fully
resistant genes (RR). When this happens the treatment can no longer be used to
clean up a pest.
As a side note on resistance and the use of low doses-- if one uses the
correct dose af a chemical to control, lets say 95% of the pest, a certain % of
the survivors will be fully resistant (RR), probably 1/2 of them will be
partially resistant (Rr) and 1/4 will not be resistant or susceptible (rr) and
may have escaped treatment by receiving no or a sub lethal dose.
In this example the resistant RR critters will be the survivors plus the rr
escapees.
If low doses are used the RR and Rr and escapes are left. These will multiply
to more quickly due to their larger numbers and produce increased numbers of
the R resistant genes in the population, thereby increasing total resistant
genes in the population.
Using as many non chemical controls as possible reduces the pest thresholds and
allows fewer chemical applications ultimately prolonging their usefulness.
You may notice where my thoughts are-- use as many biological and
environmental controls as possible including screened bottom boards, grease
patties, essential oils etc. and reserve the chemicals for clean up of heavier
infestations identified by surveying the pest populations
Hopefully we can by time until bee genetics catch up and only chemicals will be
needed to "clean up" a outbreak.
If we mis-used a chemical and stable resistance in developed in the pest it
will not be efficacious for clean ups.
Sorry for the long message but it may stimulate some thoughts, comments,
disagreements etc.,
Newbe to the group after a 2 year absence
Dan Veilleux
western NC USA
> Can anyone answer if alternating medicines works any better than serially
> exhausting the use of one followed by another?
---
Date: Sun, 10 Mar 2002 10:58:01 +0100
From: [log in to unmask]
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?R=3A=20thymol?=
To: [log in to unmask]
hello peter
in italia l'utilizzo di acido ossalico e timolo e una normale prassi da
tanti anni ti consiglio di non fidarti troppo del solo acido ossalico perche
noi abbiamo visto che le api tollerano bene un solo trattamento in inverno
e con famiglie che coprono almeno 4-5 telai di api invece in estate e possibile
utilizzarlo una volta al mese,ma con parecchi casi di orfanità e solo in
caso di emmergenza.
se non ti è chiaro qualcosa contattami
caboni giuseppe
[log in to unmask]
> Does anyone know anything about thymol for varroa.?
---
Date: Sun, 10 Mar 2002 10:50:32 +0100
From: [log in to unmask]
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?R=3A=20Thymol=20apiguard?=
To: [log in to unmask]
hello robert
ho molto piacere che tu stia utilizzando dei prodotti di origine naturale
per la lotta alla varroa,ma ricorda che non sono sufficenti per non avere
problemi l'anno succesivo, in italia noi chiamiamo il trattamento con l'apiguard
o con l'apilife var http://www.chemicalslaif.it/ trattamenti tampone che
DEVONO ESSERE INTEGRATI ad un altro tipo di trattamento da eseguirsi in
assenza di covata,esempio l'acido ossalico.
spero di averti aiutato
ciao
caboni giuseppe
[log in to unmask]
---
Date: Sun, 10 Mar 2002 10:42:46 +0100
From: [log in to unmask]
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?R=3A=20thymol=20italia=20e=20apiguard?=
To: [log in to unmask]
hello coleene
in italia stiamo sperimentando apiguard da circa 2 anni i risultati sono
abbastanza contrastanti,perche se in alcune zone arrivano intorno al 90%
in altre no,....questo prodotto come tutti gli altri acaricidi esempio timolo
e acido ossalico à bisogno di programmi di intervento adattati ad ogni zona
o regione .questo per dire che per utilizzare dei metodi di lotta biologia
contro la varroa e necessario il coinvolgimento di diversi apicoltori per
valutare il sistema migliore per quel detterminato clima .
spero di essere stato chiaro evventualmente contattatemi
giuseppe caboni
[log in to unmask]
---
Received: from [213.213.58.37] by mail.tiscalinet.it with HTTP; Sun, 10 Mar 2002
09:59:53 +0100
Message-ID: <[log in to unmask]>
Date: Sun, 10 Mar 2002 09:59:53 +0100
From: [log in to unmask]
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?R=3A=20thymol=20da=20italia?=
To: [log in to unmask]
hello peter
il timolo può non essere ancora approvato per l'uso in apicoltura negli
stati uniti,ma ti posso assicurare che in italia e usato da più di 10
anni,inoltre
tutte le ricerche fatte in italia hanno dimostrato che e talmente volatile
che dopo 30 45 giorni dalla fine del suo uso non lascia alcun residuo,..invece
con il cumaphos e altri acaricidi chimici ci sono dei problemi di vera
emmergenza
per l'accumulo dei residui nella cera,oramai e talmente difficile trovare
cera con bassissime quantita di residui che à raggiunto il prezzo di 10-15$
il kg.inoltre bisogna aquistarla dall australia.
ciao a tutti.
giuseppe caboni
[log in to unmask]
ulteriori informazioni su www.apicolturaonline.it www.unaapi.it
Abbonati a Tiscali!
Con Tiscali By Phone puoi anche ascoltare ed inviare email al telefono.
Chiama Tiscali By Phone all' 892 800 http://byphone.tiscali.it
|
