Germaine Lambergs recently requested research studies regarding the relationship between the use of pacifiers and shorter duration of breastfeeding. While working on a manuscript about sensory-perceptual-motor learning toward motor control in the acquisition of infant milk-feeding skills (working title: "More Than Reflexes: Learning, Forgetting, and Relearning Infant Breastfeeding Skills"), I've gathered quite a few journal articles with data from 29 countries correlating the use of an artificial nipple, including pacifiers, with shorter breastfeeding duration. Germaine, the studies below address early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. An upcoming post or posts will include studies on the use of artificial nipples, including pacifiers, with shorter duration of any breastfeeding.
From 2003 to 2010, 14 studies found an association with the use of pacifiers and premature cessation of exclusive or full breastfeeding:
Benevenuto de Oliveira MM, Thomson Z, Vannuchi MTO, Matsuo T. Feeding patterns of
Brazilian preterm infants during the first 6 months of life, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Journal of
Human Lactation 2007;23:269-274.
Butler S, Williams M, Tukuitonga C, Paterson J. Factors associated with not breastfeeding
exclusively among mothers of a cohort of Pacific infants in New Zealand. The New Zealand
Medical Journal 2004;117(1195).
Carvalhaes MABL, Parada CMGL, Costa MP. Factors associated with exclusive
breastfeeding in children under four months old in Botucatu-SP, Brazil. Revista latino-
americana de enfermagem 2007;15(1):62-69.
Franco SC, Nascimento MBR, Reis MAM, Issler H, Grisi SJFE. Exclusive breastfeeding in
infants attending public health care units in the municipality of Joinville, State of Santa
Catarina, Brazil. Revista Brasil de Saúde Materno Infantil 2008;8(3):291-297.
Koosha A, Hashemifesharaki R, Mousavinasab N. Breastfeeding patterns and factors
determining exclusive breastfeeding. Singapore Medical Journal 2008;49(12):1002-1006.
Kronborg H, Vaeth M, Olsen J, Iversen L, Harder I. Effect of early postnatal breastfeeding
support: a cluster-randomized community based trial. Acta Paediatrica 2007;96:1064-1070.
Mascarenhas ML, Albernaz EP, da Silva MB, da Silveira RB. Prevalence of exclusive
breastfeeding and its determiners in the first 3 months of life in the South of Brazil. Jornal de
Pediatria (Rio J) 2006;82(4):289-294.
Parizoto GM, Parada CMGL, Venâncio SI, Carvalhaes MABL. Trends and patterns of
exclusive breastfeeding for under-6-month-old children. Jornal de Pediatria (Rio J)
2009;85(3):201-208.
Roig AO, Martínez MR, García JC, Hoyos SP, Navidad GL, Álvarez JCF, Pujalte MMC,
González RGL. Factors associated to breastfeeding cessation before 6 months. Revista Latino-
Americana de Enfermagem (Latin American Journal of Nursing) 2010 May-June; 18(3):373-
380.
Santiago LB, Bettiol H, Barbieri MA, Guttierrez MRP, Ciampo LAD. Promotion of
breastfeeding: the importance of pediatricians with specific training. Jornal de Pediatria (Rio J)
2003;79(6):504-512.
Santo LCdE, de Oliveira LD, Giugliani ERJ. Factors associated with low incidence of
exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months. Birth 2007;34(3):212-219.
Silva MB, Albernaz EP, Mascarenhas ML, Silveira RB. Influence of breastfeeding support
on the exclusive breastfeeding of babies in the first month of life and born in the city of Pelotas,
State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Revista Brasil de Saúde Materno Infantil 2008;8(3):275-284.
Vieira GO, Martins CC, Vieira TO, de Oliveira NF, Silva LR. Factors predicting early
discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life. Jornal de Pediatria (Rio J)
2010;86(5):441-444.
Xu F, Binns C, Zheng S, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Lee A. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding
duration in Xinjiang, PR China. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007;16(2):316-321.
Debra Swank, RN BSN IBCLC
Ocala FL USA
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