Judy,
The particular study you mentioned from Pediatrics 2003 called, "Maternal
Supplementation Withe Very Long-Chair n-3 Fatty Acids During Pregnancy and
Lactaion Augment Children's IQ at 4 years of Age," by Helland et al. acknowleges
grants from Peter Moller and Orkla ASA as well as others.  Peter Moller is a
brand of cod liver oil  and a company that makes omega 3 oils, too.
see http://www.petermoller.com
Orkla ASA is a huge Norwegian company that is involved in foods--edible oils
is specifically mentioned.  Norway has a huge investment in its cod liver oil
and sea products industry.

While grants and funding from industry does not necessarily negate the
research, it certainly gives us pause to wonder about the amount of bias in that
research.  And as I posted before, all the DHA research I have seen is funded by
companies who have alot to gain financially by acceptance of supplementation.
(now I haven't seen all the DHA research available but I have seen quite a bit)

I must mention that Martek's patent on DHA for use in infant formula and
infant foods says rather plainly that DHA in human milk is abundant.  That patent
was filed sometime in the 1990's (1992 or 1995???)  Martek also markets DHA
supplements for pregnant and lactating women--Neuromins.  Now suddenly human
milk is considered deficient?? Rather odd but when you look at the funding trail,
it all becomes rather understandable.
Valerie W. McClain, breastfeeding advocate

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