Thank you for this Nikki. Fascinating summary - will read more!
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From: Lactation Information and Discussion <[log in to unmask]> On Behalf Of Nikki Lee
Sent: Wednesday, 10 April 2019 15:34
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: BF and diabetes
There were, last time I checked, about 11 theories for the link between formula and diabetes.
Mayer's retrospective study found that :
1) a smaller proportion of children with Type 1 diabetes will have been breastfed as infants than healthy non-diabetic children and;
2) the duration of breastfeeding will have been shorter for those diagnosed with Type 1 than for healthy non-diabetic children.
1) The Accelerator hypothesis: 3 forces that accelerate the death of beta cells in the pancreas: constitution, insulin resistance, and autoimmunity.
“The rising weight and height of children over the past century has accelerated their tendency to develop Type I by putting the insulin-producing beta cells in their pancreases under stress.”
Dan Hurley
Diabetes Rising: How a Rare Disease Become a Modern Pandemic
2) As exposure to infection early in life increases risk for diabetes, breastfed babies have stronger immune systems to resist infection.
3) Wallensteen discovered that formula creates hyperglycemia, so the beta cells get burned out trying to deal with too much sugar. In addition, the higher levels of circulating glucose are turned to fat stores, clogging receptor sites so that insulin can't work.
4) Genetic susceptibility: some populations are more vulnerable to diabetes. Exclusive breastfeeding for as little as 2 months reduced the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians (0 cases in the age group
10-19)
Who is susceptible? LOTS of people. Diabetes is a global epidemic and the reduction in breastfeeding exclusivity and duration is one major factor in that.
Scandinavian origin
Native or indigenous peoples
Pacific Islander
Hispanic origin
African origin
Family history of diabetes
5) Cow protein is a trigger. (It's the wrong protein for human babies, and the perfect one for calves.) "...higher levels of antibodies to cows’ milk proteins, particularly beta-lactoglobulin and BSA were found in newly diagnosed diabetics.”
Martin et al “Milk proteins in the etiology of IDDM” Ann Med 23:447-452
6) Soy protein is a trigger.
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/121/5/1062
The AAP still says that soy is for some specific conditions, it is high in aluminum and phytoestrogens,
"Isolated soy protein-based formula has no advantage over cow milk protein-based formula as a supplement for the breastfed infant, unless the infant has 1 of the indications noted previously.
Soy protein-based formulas are not designed for or recommended for preterm infants.
The routine use of isolated soy protein-based formula has no proven value in the prevention or management of infantile colic or fussiness.
Infants with documented cow milk protein-induced enteropathy or enterocolitis frequently are as sensitive to soy protein and should not be given isolated soy protein-based formula. They should be provided formula derived from hydrolyzed protein or synthetic amino acids.
The routine use of isolated soy protein-based formula has no proven value in the prevention of atopic disease in healthy or high-risk infants."
7) Babies may become sensitized to their own insulin. There is cow insulin in formula. Cow insulin and human insulin have only 3 amino acids difference between them.
(Vaarala et al. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 1988 47 (2); 131-135(5)
“Is Type 1 Diabetes a disease of the gut immune system triggered by cow’s milk insulin?” Adv Exp Med Biol. 2005;569:151-6 Vaarala
8) Systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Paul Meier PhD talks about the wrong food creating this syndrome that leads to Cröhn's disease, ulcerative colitis, allergies, celiac disease and diabetes in premature infants fed cow protein.
Experimental Biology and Medicine 231:1695-1711 (2006) 2006 Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
9) Persaud and Barranco-Mendooza spoke about the role of Oxidative Stress that destroys beta cells as the result of high levels of nitric acid and oxygen radicals.
10) Metabolic programming. Each mammal's milk programs the metabolism of its babies. The research in this area is exploding. Basically, giving cow formula to babies is like trying to get a PC program to run on a MAC. It can be done, and it will be inefficient, and expensive. Diabetes is expensive.
11) Type 1 Diabetes, the A1 milk hypothesis and Vitamin D deficiency.
Vitamin D deficiency is correlated with T1D.
The TRIGR study was a 10-year study where infant formula researchers tested the use of an hydrolyzed infant formula against a standard formula after weaning in susceptible children. It didn't work.
"Question Does weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decrease the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in children at risk?
Findings In this randomized clinical trial that included 2159 children with human leukocyte antigen–conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and at least 1 affected family member, weaning to a hydrolyzed formula compared with a conventional formula did not significantly decrease the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes after a median of 11.5 years (8.4% vs 7.6%).
Meaning Weaning to a hydrolyzed formula did not reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes in children with an increased disease risk."
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2667723
How crazy is our species, trying to find another way to feed our own young?
If this area of research interests you, check out Maureen Minchin's mighty work, Milk Matters.
warmly,
--
Nikki Lee RN, BSN, Mother of 2, MS, IBCLC, CCE, CIMI, ANLC, CKC, RYT Reviews Editor,* Clinical Lactation* www.nikkileehealth.com
Pronouns: she/her/hers
*Communications are confidential and meant only for whom they are
addressed.*
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