Most of us were taught that dysentery symptoms are coupled with Nosema A
and to determine which is the problem, the abdomens must be examined. So
you can have dysentery symptoms from Nosema A or other factors, especially
with confined bees over a long winter, the norm here in Maine.

The Spanish study that said Nosema did not cause dysentery symptoms was of
Nosema C. We in Maine have observed dysentery symptoms in Nosema C, just
like Nosema A. That, I believe, is the issue.

Truth is, once they start pooping in the hive it becomes academic. And they
do poop with Nosema C.

Bill Truesdell
Bath, Maine

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