Here is some interesting research.
Lisa
Leeners, B., W. Rath, et al. (2005). "Breast-feeding in women with
hypertensive disorders in pregnancy." J Perinat Med 33(6): 553-560.
AIMS: Breast feeding is particularly important and difficult in
children born prematurely, especially after hypertensive diseases in
pregnancies (HDP). Therefore, we aimed to investigate breast feeding in
women who developed HDP. METHODS: Data on breast-feeding was collected
within a nationwide research project on psychosocial factors in HDP. A
self-administered questionnaire was given to 2600 women with a suspected
history of HDP and 1233 controls. After matching and confirming diagnosis
according to ISSHP criteria, 877 women with HDP and 623 controls were
included into the study. RESULTS: Control women initiated (48.9/39.2%;
P<0.001) and continued (42.2/37.2%; P<0.005) breast-feeding significantly
more often than women with HDP. This holds particularly for women who
developed HELLP syndrome (48.9/34.7%; P<0.0001, 42.2/33.5%; P<0.0001). A
delivery before the 32(nd) gestational week (19.5/81.8%; P<0.0001) and a
birth weight of less than 1500 g (18.8/75%; P<0.0001) were associated with
the decision not to breast-feed. CONCLUSIONS: Women affected by HDP breast
fed significantly less often than control women. This effect is at least
partly caused by the increased rate of prematurity. Encouraging and
supporting these women in breast-feeding is important to improve neonatal
physical and mental development.
===================================================
Note: placenta is important for mammary development.
Majumdar, S., H. Dasgupta, et al. (2005). "A Study of Placenta In Normal and
Hypertensive Pregnancies." Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 54(2):
7-12.
Abstract : A study of one hundred placentae was done to find out the
morbid and histological changes of placentae of hypertensive mothers in
comparison to those of mothers with uncomplicated pregnancies. As placenta
is the mirror of maternal and foetal status, it reflects the changes due to
maternal hypertension. This study was carried out on fifty mothers with
uncomplicated pregnancy and fifty mothers with pregnancy induced
hypertension (PIH). It was found that mothers with moderate to severe PIH
had smaller, irregular placentae with marginal insertion of umbilical cord
with deviation in respect of foci of calcification, infarction and
histological features of vascular insufficiency like thrombosis, infarction
etc. Histological findings like cytotrophoblastic cellular proliferation,
syncytial knot formation, fibrin plaqueformation etc. were present in
greater amount in hypertensive placentae. Babies of such mothers were mostly
small for date, few of them had birth asphyxia.The changes in the placentae
may be the cause / effect or both of hypertension in pregnancy of mothers
who were normotensive.
================================================
Gouldsborough, I., V. Black, et al. (1998). "Maternal nursing behaviour and
the delivery of milk to the neonatal spontaneously hypertensive rat." Acta
Physiol Scand 162(1): 107-114.
Fostering spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) pups to Wistar-Kyoto
(WKY) dams permanently lowers their adult blood pressure. SHR dams show
increased nursing behaviour and the SHR pup displays an exaggerated pressor
response to milk ingestion. We have therefore measured pup feeding rates and
dam milk secretion rates in SHR and WKY dams nursing natural and foster
litters. Maternal behaviour displayed by SHR and WKY dams nursing natural or
foster litters and the milk delivery rate to non-fasted pups were measured
over postnatal days 1-21. Total milk yield by SHR and WKY dams at postnatal
day 6 was measured by comparing the relative weights of milk filled and
empty mammary tissue. Fostering SHR pups to WKY dams significantly lowered
their mean arterial blood pressure compared with naturally reared SHR pups.
SHR dams nursing their natural litters spent more time nursing and less time
away from their litters than WKY dams. This difference in behaviour was
reduced when dams nursed pups of the opposite strain. SHR dams delivered
less milk compared with WKY dams, regardless of pup strain. Total milk yield
by SHR dams was significantly lower than that of WKY dams at postnatal day
6, despite comparable mammary tissue mass, suggesting that milk intake by
the SHR pup is limited by milk availability, rather than an attenuated
maternal response to pup suckling stimuli. The antihypertensive effect of
fostering SHR pups to WKY dams may therefore reflect an increase in milk
intake during a critical period of growth and development.
=================================================
Can't find my copy right now, but I'm pretty sure this article lists
hypertension. When I read "cessation," it sounds mostly to me like a milk
production/delivery problem
Hall, R. T., A. M. Mercer, et al. (2002). "A breast-feeding assessment score
to evaluate the risk for cessation of breast-feeding by 7 to 10 days of
age." J Pediatr 141(5): 659-664.
OBJECTIVES: To develop a succinct and comprehensive breast-feeding
assessment score (BAS) to accurately identify infants at risk for early
cessation of breast-feeding before initial hospital discharge. STUDY DESIGN:
Mothers who intended to breast-feed their infants were solicited from 9
suburban hospitals. Two detailed data forms covering 107 items were
completed before hospital discharge. A third form was completed at 7 to 10
days of age after telephone contact with the mother. RESULTS: Cessation of
breast-feeding occurred in 113 of 1075 infants (10.5%). A multiple logistic
regression analysis revealed 8 variables that were significant (P <.05) in
predicting breast feeding cessation. A BAS was developed based on the odds
ratios and relative risks of breast-feeding cessation for these 8 variables.
CONCLUSIONS: The BAS was easily and quickly performed before hospital
discharge for near term and term infants, which accurately predicted the
risk of breast-feeding cessation within 7 to 10 days of age in the
population studied.
===================================
Asselin, B. L. and R. A. Lawrence (1987). "Maternal disease as a
consideration in lactation management." Clin Perinatol 14(1): 71-87.
Breastfeeding for mothers with chronic medical conditions presents
important medical decisions for the primary physician. The issues need to be
considered in light of the chronic disease, the physiological process of
lactation, and the individual Mother for whom breastfeeding is very
important. Management plans need to be based on adequate information and
coordinated by the mother's physician and the pediatrician.
(article:..... Hypertensive mothers can breast feed their infants,
especially if the internist treating her considers the lactation process.
Diuretics may diminish milk production, but an active infant who stimulates
milk production can counteract this effect. Methyldopa may suppress milk
production.)
==================================================
Yabes-Almirante, C. and C. Lim (1996). Enhancement of breastfeeding among
hypertensive mothers, Excerpta Medica.
An investigation was undertaken to determine the effectivenes of
malunggay (Moringa oleifera) as galactogogue among hypertensive patients.
Methods: A total of 30 hypertensive pregnant patients with blood pressure
greater than or equal to 140/90, admitted to the Pernatal Center of the
Philippine Children's Medical Center from Novemeber 1994 to May 1995, on
their 28th to 40th week of gestation, were included in the study.
Immediately after delivery, the patients were given capsules whose contents
were unknown to both the researchers and the subjects. These capsules were
coded at source: 15 placebo and 15 malunggay. Prolactin determinations were
done within 6h, 48h after, and 4 mo after delivery. The baby's weights were
recorded at birth, at 1 week, at 2 weeks, at 1 month, and 4 months of age.
Results: Significantly higher prolactin levels were obtained after 4 mo with
the malunggay group at levels of <.05 and <.01 accompanied by observed
gaines in weights among these babies. Conclusions: Breastfeeding among
hypertensive mothers can be enhanced by intake of malunggay capsules as
evidenced by higher prolactin levels and increased breastmilk resuling in
appreciable gains in weights of babies.
=====================================
Ziyyat, A., A. Legssyer, et al. (1997). "Phytotherapy of hypertension and
diabetes in oriental Morocco." J Ethnopharmacol 58(1): 45-54.
In order to select the main medicinal plants used in folk medicine
to treat arterial hypertension and/or diabetes, a survey was undertaken in
different areas of oriental Morocco. The patients (370 women and 256 men)
were divided into three groups: diabetics (61%), hypertensives (23%) and
hypertensive diabetic persons (16%). On average, 67.51% of patients
regularly use medicinal plants. This proportion is perceptibly the same in
all groups and does not depend on sex, age and socio-cultural level. This
result shows that phytotherapy is widely adopted in northeastern Morocco.
For diabetes, 41 plants were cited, of which the most used were Trigonella
foenum-graecum L. (Leguminosae), Globularia alypum L. (Globulariaceae),
Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Compositae), Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad.
(Cucurbitaceae) and Tetraclinis articulata Benth. (Cupressaceae). In the
hypertension's therapy 18 vegetal species were reported, of which the most
used were Allium sativum L. (Liliaceae), Olea europea L. (Oleaceae), Arbutus
unedo L. (Ericaceae), Urtica dioica L. (Urticaceae) and Petroselinum crispum
A.W. Hill (Apiaceae). Among the 18 species used for hypertension, 14 were
also employed for diabetes. Moreover, these two diseases were associated in
41% of hypertensives. These findings suggest that hypertension observed in
this region would be in a large part related to diabetes.
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