PEDIATRICS Vol. 120 No. 4 October 2007, pp. e944-e952 
(doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0124)     

 
RESULTS. After adjusting for potential confounders significant in bivariate 
analyses, breastfeeding and its duration were not associated with the risk for 
early childhood caries. Independent associations with increased risk for early 
childhood caries were older child age, poverty, being Mexican American, a 
dental visit within the last year, and maternal prenatal smoking. Poverty and 
being Mexican American also were independently associated with severe early 
childhood caries, whereas characteristics that were independently associated with 
greater decayed and filled surfaces on primary teeth surfaces were poverty, a 
dental visit within the last year, 5 years of age, and maternal smoking.  
CONCLUSIONS. These data provide no evidence to suggest that breastfeeding or 
its duration are independent risk factors for early childhood caries, severe 
early childhood caries, or decayed and filled surfaces on primary teeth. In 
contrast, they identify poverty, Mexican American ethnic status, and maternal 
smoking as independent risk factors for early childhood caries, which highlights 
the need to target poor and Mexican American children and those whose mothers 
smoke for early preventive dental visits. 
 
Nikki Lee RN, MS, Mother of 2, IBCLC, CCE, CIMI
_http://www.breastfeedingalwaysbest.com/_ 
(http://www.breastfeedingalwaysbest.com/) 
www.myspace/AdonicaLee



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