Sheena asks:


< I guess my question is is it possible that the hormones present in
breastmilk have helped my niece with her "inverted"
toddler nipples?  Is there any thing out there to read about this?>


I have often said that we all begin life with inverted nipples. Nipple
inversion is one part of the normal developmental process that
continues with eversion of the nipple with the proliferation of the
mesenchymal tissue beneath the nipple at about 36-44 weeks post conceptional
age. Part of the embryonic mesenchymal layer is the mammary fat pad. I
cannot answer your question about hormones in breastmilk helping this
developmental process, except for the possibility that normal growth and
weight gain may be helping the normal process.


Schwager RG, Smith JW, Fray GF, Goulian D Jr., Inversion of the Human Female
Nipple, With a Simple Method of Treatment, Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery,
Nov. 1974, Vol. 54, No. 5 pp. 564-569.

**

Sakakura T, Mammary Embryogenesis in The Mammary Gland Development,
Regulation and Function ed. by Neville MC and Daniel CW 1987 Plenum Press,
New York pp. 37-66.

**

Raynaud A. Morphogenesis of the Mammary Gland, in Milk: the Mammary Gland
and Its Secretion, Ed. by S. K. Kon and A. T. Cowie, Vol. I, Academic Press,
London, 1961, p. 3-46.



Jean

**************

K. Jean Cotterman RNC, IBCLC

Dayton, OH USA

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