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For your reading pleasure - a little good news for a change!
Pamela Morrison IBCLC
Ambul Pediatr. 2005 Nov-Dec;5(6):359-64.Analgesic effects of breast-feeding
or pacifier use with maternal holding in term infants. Phillips RM, Chantry
CJ, Gallagher MP.
OBJECTIVES: First, to compare analgesic effects of breast-feeding versus
pacifier use in newborn infants undergoing blood collection via heel
sticks. Second, to compare analgesic effects of pacifier use with maternal
holding versus nonmaternal holding. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized,
controlled trial. SETTING: Normal newborn nursery at academic teaching
hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Full-term breast-feeding infants scheduled for
routine newborn screening blood test via heel stick (n = 96).
Interventions.-Infants randomized to 3 groups for analgesia: 1)
breast-feeding, 2) pacifier use while held by mothers, 3) pacifier use
while held by research assistants (nonmothers). OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary
outcome was crying (percent of infants who cried during the procedure and
mean percent of procedure time that infants cried). Secondary outcomes were
physiologic measures. RESULTS: Fewer breast-feeding infants cried than
infants using a pacifier while held by nonmothers both during the procedure
(69% vs 100%, P < .01) and after the procedure (28% vs 60%, P = .03). Those
infants crying during the procedure cried for less time if held by their
mothers either breast-feeding (33%, P < .01) or using a pacifier (45%, P =
.03) than those using a pacifier while being held by nonmothers (66%).
CONCLUSION: Breast-feeding is more analgesic than pacifier use with
nonmaternal holding. Maternal holding with either breast-feeding or
pacifier use is more analgesic than nonmaternal holding with pacifier use,
suggesting that maternal holding itself has an analgesic effect.
Breast-feeding and maternal holding should be considered as pain-control
measures for the neonate during heel-stick procedures.
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