Garth asks: Also the naphthanate - how much do you find you use?? Garth, A quick dip in copper naphthanate after assembly ought to do it. Let dry a day or two depending on conditions. What’s great is your wood won’t warp or split if dry when you paraffin it! 250°F.=121°C. If you don’t have a thermometer, a stick of wood inserted should immediately begin to bubble as air and moisture expand from the wood pores. I use a telescoping cover wedged in above the super or other equipment to hold it under the surface Wood is sterilized and won’t dry rot either. Upon removal hot from barrel or vat, paraffin is sucked into the pores of the wood. Some surface weathering does occur. Do not do a fast dip, as a slippery surface causes supers to slide! Only hot wood sucks the paraffin in fully. Hot paraffin also cleans excluders in a hurry, and turns propolis to a crisp, which brushes or scrapes off quickly. Propolis sinks to the bottom of the vat and leaves a telltale stain which lets you know what has been treated, as will running your nail over the surface, raising a bit of paraffin. I treat everything wooden but the frames. Charles F. Andros Former NH/VT Apiary Inspector '78-’89 Linden Apiaries 1 McLean Road POB 165 Walpole, NH 03608-0165 USA/EUA 603-756-9056 phone/fax if notified by phone email: [log in to unmask] Residence: Latitude: 43° 05’ North, Longitude: 72° 21’ 15" West Keeper of 41 two-queen colonies for honey, pollen, propolis, pollination, nuclei, beeswax, apitherapy, and education.