What to do with AFB colonies? First, check with your local Department of Agriculture to find out what options are available to you. The laws vary, and what I can do in Maryland is not necessarily legal elsewhere. Two things are here to potenially save: the bees and the equipment. Assuming it's legal, some people will save both by feeding Terramycin. While Terramycin will render the disease inactive, the spores will still be viable. Hence, once you elect to go the Terramycin route, you are locked into it forevermore. Personally, I would (indeed have) killed AFB infected colonies, then get the gear fumigated. In Maryland, we have an Ethelyne Dioxide (ETO) chamber that is run by the State Department of Agriculture. It does a good job. Other fumigation methods are also effective, but all methods require special equipment and training, and are dangerous if you don't have the training and equipment (in other words, don't try this at home). W. G. Miller Gaithersburg, MD