I have a U.S. Apistan label that states, under Directions for Use: "Remove honey supers before application of APISTAN STRIPS and do not replace until the end of the control period. Effective control may be achieved by treating hives in the spring before the first honey flow and in the fall after the last honey flow. Do not remove strips for at least 28 days. Do not leave the strips in hive for more than 45 days. Honey supers may be replaced after strips have been removed." The Canadian Apistan label, after the identical first 2 sentences, states: "Place strips in hive for 42 days. Remove strips after the treatment period. Honey supers may be replaced after strips are removed." Comment: Although advertisements (not label) state: "One treatment gives a full year's protection." "Use at any time of year - best results after the last honey flow." the label directions apparently advise treatment in spring and fall (not or), and the label precautions state: "After treatment, do not use beeswax for human consumption.", and "Do not expose honey intended for human consumption directly to APISTAN STRIPS." It seems there is the possibility of different reasonable interpretations of the directions and precautions, and a difference in treatment period in the U.S. and Canada. Are these directions similar to those provided for Bayvarol? Anyone care to offer comments on strategies that could be expected to avoid the development of resistant varroa?? Kerry Clark, Apiculture Specialist B.C. Ministry of Agriculture 1201 103 Ave Dawson Creek B.C. V1G 4J2 CANADA Tel (604) 784-2225 fax (604) 784-2299 INTERNET [log in to unmask]