Sounds nasty. Teratogenic "monster producing" developmental or birth defects. I wonder if there is a threshold dose for these kind of chemicals. Malcolm's (and nearly all other honey producers) question would be about honey with some contribution from ragwort. Did the paper address that aspect, advise about how diligent one should be to avoid collecting the honey? Mike Burgett - are you out there? Kerry Clark, Apiculture Specialist B.C. Ministry of Agriculture 1201 103 Ave Dawson Creek B.C. V1G 4J2 CANADA Tel (604) 784-2225 fax (604) 784-2299 INTERNET [log in to unmask]