Dr. Bill Wilson pioneered the use of these patties. Application for approval for use in the U.S. by USDA was first requested in 1973. In 1978 the application was still pending. According The Hive and the Honey Bee, 1992, use has been sanctioned by the FDA; however no label has been approved. Mann Lake Supply in Minnesota now makes up TM patties and TM extender in bulk and markets it. As to the request about locating bee hives. I am sure any number of List members can describe the long established trick of catching, releasing, and triangulating on forager bee flight directions. However, Howard Kerr, Oak Ridge National Labs, used a shotgun microphone to locate feral colonies in wooded areas. Best Regards Jerry Bromenshenk [log in to unmask]