I would say that Maassen is describing the May sickness of the bees. Entropy in the onset of warm days sometimes causes a situation where the course is critical. It is said that giving lukewarm to warm water to the hive will help. Gustav Palan *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html