However, I've spoken to Canadian beekeepers who feed singles prior to wintering until every comb is filled (45kg total weight goal). Their bees winter successfully. So much for our common sense! I worked side by side with Dennis van Engelsdorp, prepping hives for winter. (He's from Ontario, I think) He made absolutely sure each hive had all full combs of honey in the second story. Pete *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at: http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm