Dean There are people promoting the use of pheromones (AKA Bee Boost), probiotics, and whatever else to restore, remediate, or stimulate bee colonies. My question for you is: do you regard these as "treatments" and therefore, inherently a sort of interference, or are they OK because they promote health rather than attempt to control some imbalance (such as parasites)? PLB *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at: http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm