> *If* nosema ceranae is only a symptom then why is your friend worried about nosema and spending a $140 U.S. a bottle for fumigillin? I am sure you agree that billions of dollars are spent each year on products that are not needed. On the other hand, many use antibiotics as a form on insurance (insurance = you pay for it hoping you don't really need it). As an aside, I have heard that folks are spending thousands of dollars on "Honey Bee Healthy". I have not seen one speck of evidence that it suppresses viruses, and yet you hear that repeated all the time. My main point is that there are a lot of conflicting opinions on nosema, bee health, etc. Not that I am right and somebody else is wrong. Nobody wants to get to the bottom of this more than me. - - - - - - - - - - - - - Peter Loring Borst 128 Lieb Road Spencer, NY 14883 peterloringborst.com 607 280 4253 *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at: http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm