Jim said:> concerns about the benzaldehyde > That's actual product disparagement. I think you also accused > me of a felony there without even realizing it. Oh my gosh, I'm sorry, I didn't mean to disparage you in any way! And I certainly do not consider you to be a felon! I didn't realize that benzaldehyde is used in meth labs--I have enough trouble buying Sudafed for my hayfever. And I have nothing against benz--I eat plenty in almond cookies, and get it all over my hands when I prune my peach trees. And have used it straight in fume boards. I realize how poorly I phrased my questions to you, and I apologize. Let me try again. Jim, you are clearly an expert on vapors in bee hives, and on smoke in bee hives, and I greatly respect your knowledge. My question to you should have been, Based upon your knowledge of vapors in a bee hive, and now knowing what amounts of ethanol were used, and knowing that ethanol has little effect upon AFB spores, nor apparently upon the vegetative stage, do you still feel that it is likely that the small amount of ethanol applied would have had any effect on AFB in an in vivo trial within field colonies? And a second question: When I was researching how to dissolve thymol into syrup, I found that ethanol has a relatively low toxicity to insects in general. Now that you know the amounts involved, and based upon your knowledge of physics and biology, are you still of the opinion that adding the low concentrations of ethanol in the unfortunately named P.E.E. (this name could result in serious misunderstandings of instructions for application of the product to the hive), would have any probable deleterious effects on the bees that we should worry about? I apologize again for the poor phrasing of my previous post. Sincerely, Randy Oliver **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * ****************************************************