Hi Bill & all > I learned early from Tony Jadczak and George Imire about the > essential nature of the kind of honey to go into a northern > winter. Honey that granulates quickly is poor winter feed, as > is honey with a high ash content. You are putting all the blame on the honey, when you should consider using bees that can cope with the conditions that you expect to keep them in. Bees that are natural inhabitants of northern climates can handle the types of honey that are available normally in that area. So instead of using bees that have been imported from southern climates, generate your own strains from those that can survive the conditions. Regards & Best 73s, Dave Cushman, G8MZY http://website.lineone.net/~dave.cushman or http://www.dave-cushman.net Short FallBack M/c, Build 6.02/3.1 (stable) -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info ---