All Michael does interesting work with insect flight and orientation. However, the statement by J Waggle that 'Aeonautical engineers had previously "proven" that bees cannot fly' is a myth. Bees don't fly like a fixed wing airplane, but they do fly in ways similar to a helicopter. Big issue is the energy required for take off - forward flight takes much less energy. Maybe some engineer at some time said this, but he/she didn't understand the flight dynamics. Jerry -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l for rules, FAQ and other info ---