There is a lot in the archives on supercedure and swarm queens. There are differences in what you mean by supercedure and swarm queens since there is controlled supercedure and swarms as well as "natural" supercedure and swarms. Unless the method is defined, it is unlikely that this discussion will go anywhere since we will not be talking about the same thing. For example, supercedure by splits in the spring is a good queen rearing method. Supercedure by queen failure in the fall is a disaster here in Maine. One is controlled, the other is not. I would take a natural swarm queen in the spring over a natural supercedure queen in the fall and vice versa. A good friend of mine once got in a heated discussion over the differences between the Psychology of Jung and Young. I think we are moving in that direction. Bill Truesdell Bath, Maine :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -- Visit www.honeybeeworld.com/BEE-L for rules, FAQ and other info --- ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::