In the message I posted on BEE-L yesterday, I included the following statement: As to the sensitivity of bees to odors, recent work with the location of buried land mines by honey bees illustrates the extreme sensitivity of bees to trace amounts of odor. It also means that those who claim that bees can be recruited without the use of odor may have merely had an artifact in their experimental designs (Jerry Bromenshenk might comment on that point). Von Frisch was also adamant about the need for odor during recruitment (see above web sites). See also: ODORS, WIND AND COLONY FORAGING. Part I of Three Parts: The Need for Odor. Am. Bee J., 138:746-748. October 1998. One can read that article on the following web site; http://www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/abjoct1998a.htm Adrian -- Adrian M. Wenner (805) 963-8508 (home office phone) 967 Garcia Road [log in to unmask] Santa Barbara, CA 93103 www.beesource.com/pov/wenner/index.htm **************************************************************************** * * "T'is the majority [...that] prevails. Assent, and you are sane * Demur, you're straightway dangerous, and handled with a chain." * * Emily Dickinson, 1862 * ****************************************************************************