Hi all How about this for a possible scenario... If capensis bees (or capensis like bees) existed as natives in US (or very early introductions) would they not hybridise prefentially with the imported scuts of Kerr? Africanised bees only seems a problem in USA and South America, yet African genes have been introduced both deliberately and accidentally into British and other European bees and the Africanised behaviour does not develop. Having said that we have our share of "nasty" bees in Britain. Best Regards & 73s... Dave Cushman, G8MZY Beekeeping & Bee Breeding Website... http://website.lineone.net/~dave.cushman