>I believe that about all we as individuals and as an industry can effectively do is continually eliminate undesirable queens.

For us small breeders, the complication, as I see it, is that eliminating the queen only addresses a part of the problem.  It takes time to properly evaluate a queen, especially for hygienic behavior, and in the meantime, she can cast off genes to DCAs and perpetuate less than undesirable traits.  I suspect, but don't know, that allowing drone rearing during trait evaluation in closed populations is also a problem.  



Bill Hesbach
Cheshire CT

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