(The key to why varroa reproduces less in the 4.9mm cell size
*might* be simply due to the shorter time to a worker emerging. Many 49 ers
(as they call theirselves)  report workers emerging  earlier than normal or
in other words a shorter capping time with the small cell size .)

Bob and Lloyd. This is my first post but have long enjoyed reading this
list and have learned very much.
I agree with your discussion. One other factor about cell size. I think
research proved that if a mite defecates on the pupa, the female mite is
reluctant to lay eggs on the pupa. The mites feed on the pupa as the pupa
lays on it’s back with feet up. The mite only feeds for a short time then
moves up above the pupa and kind of hangs out and defecates on the upper
cell wall. Could it be that the cell size being smaller, the pupa fills up
more of the interior space and mite feces gets on the pupa and the female
mite will not lay eggs. Another thought is as the pupa turns around and
around to spin the cocoon, do they scrape the mites off. Keeping the mites
on the outside of the cocoon. Do they turn around in the cell?
Could it be that some of the research being done now is to duplicate mite
feces and somehow placing this in the hive either through wax foundation or
feeding?
I thank you in advance.
Forrest Zielke  Ashland, MA
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