Has anyone demonstrated that bees use guttation droplets as a water source in the field when there are pesticide free alternative water sources available?
The Girolami work involved taking up droplets from maize seedlings grown from seed treated with one of the neonicotinoids and feeding individual bees in the lab via pipette.

Guttation droplets have levels of contamination way out of the safety range but the key issue is whether they are used as a water source by bees or other non target insect species.

             ***********************************************
The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned
LISTSERV(R) list management software.  For more information, go to:
http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html

Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at:
http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm